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船东在海员患病、受伤或死亡时的责任公约(附英文)
 
 
 
【分　　类】　国际海事
【时 效 性】　
【颁布时间】　1936年10月24日
【实施时间】　1939年10月29日
【条约缔结地】　日内瓦
 
　　国际劳工组织全体大会，
 
　　经国际劳工局理事会召集于１９３６年１０月６日在日内瓦举行第２１届会议，
 
　　经议决采纳本届大会议程第２项所列船东在海员患病、受伤或死亡时的责任的若干提议，
 
　　经决定这些提议应采取国际公约的方式，
 
　　于１９３６年１０月２４日通过下述公约，此公约得称为《１９３６年船东责任（海员患病和受伤时）公约》。
 
　　第１条
 
　　１．本公约适用于在本公约对其生效的领土上登记的、通常在海上航行的任何船上受雇的所有人员，但在军舰上受雇的人员除外。
 
　　２．国际劳工组织任何会员国可以在其法律或条例中就下述情况规定其认为必要的例外：
 
　　（ａ）下述船上雇用的人员：
 
　　　（ｉ）政府当局的船舶，当这些船舶非从事贸易运输时；
 
　　　（ｉｉ）沿海渔船；
 
　　　（ｉｉｉ）小于２５总吨的小船；
 
　　　（ｉｖ）诸如独桅三角帆船和大号木帆船的原始木船；
 
　　（ｂ）非船东的雇主在船上雇用的人员；
 
　　（ｃ）在港内仅为修理、清扫或装卸船舶雇用的人员；
 
　　（ｄ）船东的家庭成员；
 
　　（ｅ）引航员。
 
　　第２条
 
　　１．船东应对下述情况负责：
 
　　（ａ）从协议条款规定的任职那天起到雇用期终止期间所发生的疾病和受伤；
 
　　（ｂ）由这种疾病或受伤所导致的死亡。
 
　　２．国家法律或条例可以对下述情况规定例外：
 
　　（ａ）并非在船上工作时发生的受伤；
 
　　（ｂ）受伤或患病是由病人、受伤者或死者的故意行为、违章或不正当的举止所致；
 
　　（ｃ）缔约时故意隐瞒的疾病或虚弱。
 
　　３．国家法律或条例可以规定船东不应对疾病或由疾病导致的死亡负责，如果在受雇时，受雇者拒绝体检。
 
　　第３条
 
　　就本公约而言，由船东出费的医疗和保养包括：
 
　　（ａ）医疗和提供合适且足够的药品和医疗仪器；和
 
　　（ｂ）膳宿。
 
　　第４条
 
　　１．在病患者或受伤者治愈之前或在断定其疾病或无工作能力属长久后天性的之前，船东应负责支付其医疗或保养费用。
 
　　２．国家法律或条例可以把船东支付医疗和保养费用的义务限制在从受伤或患病之日起不少于１６周的期限内。
 
　　３．如果在船舶登记的领土上有已生效的适用于海员的强制疾病保险、强制事故保险或工人事故补偿体制，国家法律或条例可以规定：
 
　　（ａ）从患者或受伤者可以享受保险或补偿体制中规定的医疗津贴之时起，船东应不再对
 
　　　他们承担义务；
 
　　（ｂ）从法律规定的时间起，船东应不再有义务向参加保险或补偿体制的受益人补助这种
 
　　　体制规定的医疗津贴，甚至当患者或受伤者没参加所述体制的保险时，除非由于仅
 
　　　影响外国工人或非居住在船舶登记领土上的工人的任何限制理由，他也应被排除在这种体制之外。
 
　　第５条
 
　　１．如果这种疾病或受伤导致失去工作能力，船东应有责任：
 
　　（ａ）只要患病或受伤者留在船上，即支付全工资；
 
　　（ｂ）如果患病或受伤者有家属，从他上岸之日起直到他痊愈或宣布这种疾病或失去工作
 
　　　能力属长久的后天性的为止，支付国家法律或条例规定的全部或部分工资。
 
　　２．国家法律或条例可以规定将船东向不再在船上工作的人支付全部或部分工资的义务限制在从受伤或患病之日起不少于１６周的期限内。
 
　　３．如果在船舶登记的领土上有已生效的适用于海员的强制疾病保险、强制事故保险或工人事故补偿体制，国家法律或条例可以规定：
 
　　（ａ）从患病或受伤者有权享受保险或补偿体制中规定的现金津贴之日起，船东应不再对
 
　　　其承担义务；
 
　　（ｂ）从法律规定的时间起，船东应不再有义务向参加保险或补偿体制的受益人补助这种
 
　　　体制规定的现金津贴，甚至当患病或受伤者没有参加所述体制的保险时，除非由于
 
　　　仅影响外国工人或非居住在船舶登记领土上的工人的任何限制理由，他也应被排除
 
　　　在这种体制之外。
 
　　第６条
 
　　１．船东应有义务对在航行期间由于疾病或受伤原因上岸的每个患病或受伤者支付遣返费。
 
　　２．患病或受伤者应被送到下述港口：
 
　　（ａ）受雇地的港口；或
 
　　（ｂ）航次始离港口；或
 
　　（ｃ）他自己国家的港口或他所属的国家的港口；或
 
　　（ｄ）他和船长或船东商定且经主管当局认可的另一港口。
 
　　３．遣返费应包括患病或受伤者在旅行期间的运输费和食宿费以及直到为其规定的离开时间止的保养费。
 
　　４．如果患病或受伤者有能力工作，在驶往本条第２款所述的目的地之一时，船东可以通过在船上向他提供工作的方式履行其对他的遣返义务。
 
　　第７条
 
　　１．在死亡发生在船上或岸上时，死者有权享受船东支付的医疗和保养费的情况下，船东应有义务支付埋葬费。
 
　　２．国家法律或条例可以规定，在按照与社会保险或工人补偿有关的法律或条例支付死者的葬礼津贴的情况下，船东支付的埋葬费应由保险机构赔偿。
 
　　第８条
 
　　国家法律或条例应要求船东或其代表采取措施，以保护本公约适用的患者、受伤者或死者留在船上的财产。
 
　　第９条
 
　　国家法律或条例应作出规定，以确保迅速且廉价地解决关于本公约规定的船东义务的争端。
 
　　第１０条
 
　　船东可以被免除本公约第４、第６和第７条规定的义务，只要政府当局承担这种义务。
 
　　第１１条
 
　　本公约和与本公约规定的津贴有关的国家法律或条例的解释和执行应足以保证所有海员，不论其国籍、户籍或种族如何，均享受同等待遇。
 
　　第１２条
 
　　本公约任何条款都不得影响保证比本公约规定的那些更优惠的条件的任何法律、裁决书、惯例或船东和海员签订的协议。
 
　　第１３条
 
　　１．就国际劳工组织章程第３５条所述领土而言，批准本公约的本组织各会员国应在其批准书上附加一宣言，声明：
 
　　（ａ）对于哪些领土，它保证不加修改地应用本公约条款；
 
　　（ｂ）对于哪些领土，它保证应用本公约条款，但要作修改并附有所作修改的细节；
 
　　（ｃ）对于哪些领土，本公约不适用以及不适用的理由；
 
　　（ｄ）对于哪些领土，它保留其决定。
 
　　２．本条第１款（ａ）和（ｂ）项所述许诺应被视为批准书的组成部分，并应具有批准书的效力。
 
　　３．依照本条第１款（ｂ）、（ｃ）和（ｄ）各项规定，任何会员国可以通过随后的宣言全部或部分取消其原宣言中所作的任何保留。
 
　　第１４条
 
　　本公约的正式批准书应送请国际劳工局局长登记。
 
　　第１５条
 
　　１．本公约应仅对其批准书已经局长登记的国际劳工组织各会员国具有约束力。
 
　　２．本公约应自两个会员国的批准书已经局长登记之日起１２个月后生效。
 
　　３．此后，对于任何会员国，本公约应自其批准书已经登记之日起１２个月后生效。
 
　　第１６条
 
　　国际劳工组织两个会员国的批准书一旦被登记，国际劳工局局长应立即将此通知国际劳工组织所有会员国。他也应将本组织其他会员国可能随后送达的批准书的登记情况通知所有会员国。
 
　　第１７条
 
　　１．凡已批准本公约的会员国，自本公约初次生效之日起满１０年后可向国际劳工局局长通知解约，并请其登记。此项解约通知书自经登记之日起满１年后始得生效。
 
　　２．凡已批准本公约的会员国，在前款所述十年期满后的１年内，如未行使本条所规定的解约权利，即须再遵守１０年。此后每当１０年期满，可依本条的规定通知解约。
 
　　第１８条
 
　　国际劳工局理事会在其认为必要时，应将本公约的实施情况向大会提出报告，并审查是否将本公约的全部或局部修正问题列入大会议程。
 
　　第１９条
 
　　１．如大会通过一项对本公约作全部或局部修正的新公约，除该新公约另有规定外，则：
 
　　（ａ）在新修正公约生效时，尽管有上述第１７条规定，会员国对于新修正公约的批准，依
 
　　　法应为对本公约的立即解除；
 
　　（ｂ）自新修正公约生效之日起，本公约应即停止接受会员国的批准。
 
　　２．对于已批准本公约而未批准新修正公约的会员国，本公约的现有形式及内容，在任何情况下，仍应有效。
 
　　第２０条
 
　　本公约的法文本与英文本同等为准。
 
　　CONVENTION No.55 Convention concerning the Liability of the Ship-owner in Case of Sickness, Injury or Death of Seamen
 
 
　　Whole document.nbsp
 
　　　The General Conference of the International Labour Organization,
 
　　　Having been convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the
 
　International Labour Office, and having met in its Twenty-first Session
 
　on 6 October 1936, and
 
　　　Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to
 
　the liability of the shipowner in case of sickness, injury or death of
 
　seamen, which is included in the second item on the agenda of the Session,
 
　and
 
　　　Having determined that these proposals shall take the form of an
 
　international Convention, adopts this twenty-fourth day of October of the
 
　year one thousand nine hundred and thirty-six the following Convention,
 
　which may be cited as the Shipowners’ Liability (Sick and Injured Seamen)
 
　Convention, 1936:
 
　Article 1
 
　　　1. This Convention applies to all persons employed on board any
 
　vessel, other than a ship of war, registered in a territory for which this
 
　Convention is in force and ordinarily engaged in maritime navigation.
 
　　　2. Provided that any Member of the International Labour Organization
 
　may in its national laws or regulations make such exceptions as it deems
 
　necessary in respect of
 
　　　　(a) persons employed on board,
 
　　　　　　　(i) vessels of public authorities when such vessels are not
 
　engaged in trade;
 
　　　　　　　(ii) coastwise fishing boats;
 
　　　　　　　(iii) boats of less than twenty-five tons gross tonnage;
 
　　　　　　　(iv) wooden ships of primitive build such as dhows and junks;
 
　　　　　(b) persons employed on board by an employer other than the
 
　shipowner;
 
　　　　　(c) persons employed solely in ports in repairing, cleaning,
 
　loading or unloading vessels;
 
　　　　　(d) members of the shipowner’s family;
 
　　　　　(e) pilots. 
 
　
 
　Article 2
 
　　　1. The shipowner shall be liable in respect of
 
　　　　(a) sickness and injury occurring between the date specified in the
 
　articles of agreement for reporting for duty and the termination of the
 
　engagement;
 
　　　　　(b) death resulting from such sickness or injury.
 
　　　2. Provided that national laws or regulations may make exceptions in
 
　respect of
 
　　　　(a) injury incurred otherwise than in the service of the ship;
 
　　　　　(b) injury or sickness due to the wilful act, default or
 
　misbehaviour of the sick, injured or deceased person;
 
　　　　　(c) sickness or infirmity intentionally concealed when the
 
　engagement is entered into.
 
　　　3. National laws or regulations may provide that the shipowner shall
 
　not be liable in respect of sickness, or death directly attributable to
 
　sickness, if at the time of engagement the person employed refused to be
 
　medically examined.
 
　Article 3
 
　　　For the purpose of this Convention, medical care and maintenance at
 
　the expense of the shipowner comprises
 
　　　　(a) medical treatment and the supply of proper and sufficient
 
　medicines and therapeutical appliances; and
 
　　　　　(b) board and lodging.
 
　Article 4
 
　　　1. The shipowner shall be liable to defray the expense of medical care
 
　and maintenance until the sick or injured person has been cured, or until
 
　the sickness or incapacity has been declared of a permanent character.
 
　　　2. Provided that national laws or regulations may limit the liability
 
　of the shipowner to defray the expense of medical care and maintenance to
 
　a period which shall not be less than sixteen weeks from the day of the
 
　injury or the commencement of the sickness.
 
　　　3. Provided also that, if there is in force in the territory in which
 
　the vessel is registered a scheme applying to seamen of compulsory
 
　sickness insurance, compulsory accident insurance or workmen’s
 
　compensation for accidents, national laws or regulations may provide
 
　　　　(a) that a shipowner shall cease to be liable in respect of a sick
 
　or injured person from the time at which that person becomes entitled to
 
　medical benefits under the insurance or compensation scheme;
 
　　　　　(b) that the shipowner shall cease to be liable from the time
 
　prescribed by law for the grant of medical benefits under the insurance or
 
　compensation scheme to the beneficiaries of such schemes, even when the
 
　sick or injured person is not covered by the scheme in question, unless he
 
　is excluded from the scheme by reason of any restriction which affects
 
　particularly foreign workers or workers not resident in the territory in
 
　which the vessel is registered. 
 
　
 
　Article 5
 
　　　1. Where the sickness or injury results in incapacity for work the
 
　shipowner shall be liable--
 
　　　　　(a) to pay full wages as long as the sick or injured person
 
　remains on board;
 
　　　　　(b) if the sick or injured person has dependants, to pay wages in
 
　whole or in part as prescribed by national laws or regulations from the
 
　time when he is landed until he has been cured or the sickness or
 
　incapacity has been declared of a permanent character.
 
　　　2. Provided that national laws or regulations may limit the liability
 
　of the shipowner to pay wages in whole or in part in respect of a person
 
　no longer on board to a period which shall not be less than sixteen weeks
 
　from the day of the injury or the commencement of the sickness.
 
　　　3. Provided also that, if there is in force in the territory in which
 
　the vessel is registered a scheme applying to seamen of compulsory
 
　sickness insurance, compulsory accident insurance or workmen’s
 
　compensation for accidents, national laws or regulations may provide
 
　　　　(a) that a shipowner shall cease to be liable in respect of a sick
 
　or injured person from the time at which that person becomes entitled to
 
　cash benefits under the insurance or compensation scheme;
 
　　　　　(b) that the shipowner shall cease to be liable from the time
 
　prescribed by law for the grant of cash benefits under the insurance or
 
　compensation scheme to the beneficiaries of such schemes, even when the
 
　sick or injured person is not covered by the scheme in question, unless he
 
　is excluded from the scheme by reason of any restriction which affects
 
　particularly foreign workers or workers not resident in the territory in
 
　which the vessel is registered.
 
　Article 6
 
　　　1. The shipowner shall be liable to defray the expense of repatriating
 
　every sick or injured person who is landed during the voyage in
 
　consequence of sickness or injury.
 
　　　2. The port to which the sick or injured person is to be returned
 
　shall be
 
　　　　(a) the port at which he was engaged; or
 
　　　　　(b) the port at which the voyage commenced; or
 
　　　　　(c) a port in his own country or the country to which he belongs;
 
　or
 
　　　　　(d) another port agreed upon by him and the master or shipowner,
 
　with the approval of the competent authority.
 
　　　3. the expense of repatriation shall include all charges for the
 
　transportation, accommodation and food of the sick or injured person
 
　during the journey and his maintenance up to the time fixed for his
 
　departure.
 
　　　4. If the sick or injured person is capable of work, the shipowner may
 
　discharge his liability to repatriate him by providing him with suitable
 
　employment on board a vessel proceeding to one of the destinations
 
　mentioned in paragraph 2 of this Article. 
 
　
 
　Article 7
 
　　　1. The shipowner shall be liable to defray burial expenses in case of
 
　death occurring on board, or in case of death occurring on shore if at the
 
　time of his death the deceased person was entitled to medical care and
 
　maintenance at the shipowner’s expense.
 
　　　2. National laws or regulations may provide that burial expenses paid
 
　by the shipowner shall be reimbursed by an insurance institution in cases
 
　in which funeral benefit is payable in respect of the deceased person
 
　under laws or regulations relating to social insurance or workmen’s
 
　compensation.
 
　Article 8
 
　　　National laws or regulations shall require the shipowner or his
 
　representative to take measures for safeguarding property left on board by
 
　sick, injured or deceased persons to whom this Convention applies.
 
　Article 9
 
　　　National laws or regulations shall make provision for securing the
 
　rapid and inexpensive settlement of disputes concerning the liability of
 
　the shipowner under this Convention.
 
　Article 10
 
　　　The shipowner may be exempted from liability under Articles 4, 6 and 7
 
　of this convention in so far as such liability is assumed by the public
 
　authorities.
 
　Article 11
 
　　　This Convention and national laws or regulations relating to benefits
 
　under this Convention shall be so interpreted and enforced as to ensure
 
　equality of treatment to all seamen irrespective of nationality, domicile
 
　or race.
 
　Article 12
 
　　　Nothing in this Convention shall affect any law, award, custom or
 
　agreement between shipowners and seamen which ensures more favourable
 
　conditions than those provided by this Convention. 
 
　
 
　Article 13
 
　　　1. In respect of the territories referred to in article 35 of the
 
　Constitution of the International Labour Organization, each Member of the
 
　Organization which ratifies this Convention shall append to its
 
　ratification a declaration stating
 
　　　　(a) the territories in respect of which it undertakes to apply the
 
　provisions of the Convention without modification;
 
　　　　　(b) the territories in respect of which it undertakes to apply the
 
　provisions of the Convention subject to modifications, together with
 
　details of the said modifications;
 
　　　　　(c) The territories in respect of which the Convention is
 
　inapplicable and in such cases the grounds on which it is inapplicable;
 
　　　　　(d) the territories in respect of which it reserves its decision.
 
　　　2. The undertakings referred to in subparagraphs (a) and (b) of
 
　paragraph 1 of this Article shall be deemed to be an integral part of the
 
　ratification and shall have the force of ratification.
 
　　　3. Any Member may by a subsequent declaration cancel in whole or in
 
　part any reservations made in its original declaration in virtue of
 
　subparagraphs (b), (c) or (d) of paragraph 1 of this Article.
 
　Article 14
 
　　　The formal ratifications of this Convention shall be communicated to
 
　the Director-General of the International Labour Office for registration.
 
　Article 15
 
　　　1. This Convention shall be binding only upon those members of the
 
　International Labour Organization whose ratifications have been registered
 
　with the Director-General.
 
　　　2. It shall come into force twelve months after the date on which the
 
　ratifications of two Members have been registered with the
 
　Director-General.
 
　　　3. Thereafter, this Convention shall come into force for any Member
 
　twelve months after the date on which its ratification has been
 
　registered.
 
　Article 16
 
　　　As soon as the ratifications of two Members of the International
 
　Labour Organization have been registered, the Director-General of the
 
　International Labour Office shall so notify all the Members of the
 
　International Labour Organization. He shall likewise notify them of the
 
　registration of ratifications which may be communicated subsequently by
 
　other Members of the Organization. 
 
　
 
　Article 17
 
　　　1. A Member which has ratified this Convention may denounce it after
 
　the expiration of ten years from the date on which the Convention first
 
　comes into force, by an act communicated to the Director-General of the
 
　International Labour Office for registration. Such denunciation shall not
 
　take effect until one year after the date on which it is registered.
 
　　　2. Each Member which has ratified this Convention and which does not,
 
　within the year following the expiration of the period of ten years
 
　mentioned in the preceding paragraph, exercise the right of denunciation
 
　provided for in this Article, will be bound for another period of ten
 
　years and, thereafter, may denounce this Convention at the expiration of
 
　each period of ten years under the terms provided for in this Article.
 
　Article 18
 
　　　At such times as it may consider necessary the Governing Body of the
 
　International Labour Office shall present to the General Conference a
 
　report on the working of this Convention and shall examine the
 
　desirability of placing on the agenda of the Conference the question of
 
　its revision in whole or in part.
 
　Article 19
 
　　　1. Should the Conference adopt a new Convention revising this
 
　Convention in whole or in part, then, unless the new Convention otherwise
 
　provides,
 
　　　　　(a) the ratification by a Member of the new revising Convention
 
　shall ipso jure involve the immediate denunciation of this Convention,
 
　notwithstanding the provisions of Article 17 above, if and when the new
 
　revising Convention shall have come into force;
 
　　　　　(b) as from the date when the new revising Convention comes into
 
　force, this Convention shall cease to be open to ratification by the
 
　Members.
 
　　　2. This Convention shall in any case remain in force in its actual
 
　form and content for those Members which have ratified it but have not
 
　ratified the revising Convention.
 
　Article 20
 
　　　The French and English texts of this Convention shall both be
 
　authentic.